Is Virginia Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Water quality data for 22 cities across Virginia. Find your city below.

Water quality in Virginia varies significantly from city to city. Across 22 cities we track, hardness ranges from 20 PPM in Virginia Beach to 110 PPM in Harrisonburg, with a statewide average of 51 PPM. Most cities in Virginia have relatively soft water, so a softener is generally unnecessary.

6 Virginia cities have forever chemicals (PFAS) above the EPA's 2024 limit of 4 parts per trillion: Stafford (11.23 ppt), Roanoke (30.42 ppt), Norfolk (14.6 ppt), Danville (9.1 ppt), Roanoke South (30.42 ppt), and 1 more. A reverse osmosis system or NSF P473-certified filter can reduce PFAS to safe levels.

22
Cities
51
Avg Hardness (PPM)
110
Hardest City (PPM)

City Comparisons

Virginia Cities by Water Hardness

CityHardness (PPM)LevelPFAS (ppt)Source
Harrisonburg 110 Moderately Hard 0 North River & Dry River
Herndon 110 Moderately Hard 12.5 Potomac River (Fairfax Water)
Stafford 100 Moderately Hard 11.23 Aquia Creek + Potomac
Lynchburg 99 Moderately Hard 0 Pedlar Reservoir
Roanoke 74 Moderately Hard 30.42 Carvins Cove Reservoir, Spring Hollow Re…
Richmond 70 Moderately Hard 0 James River
Williamsburg 70 Moderately Hard 3.07 Waller Mill Reservoir
Norfolk 53 Slightly Hard 14.6 Lake Gaston, local reservoirs
Richmond Downtown 45 Slightly Hard 0 James River
Manassas 42 Slightly Hard 30.75 Broad Run & Bull Run
Alexandria 39 Slightly Hard 12.13 Potomac River
Arlington 38 Slightly Hard 7.15 Potomac River
Charlottesville 35 Slightly Hard 0 Sugar Hollow & South Fork Rivanna Re…
Staunton 35 Slightly Hard 0 North River
Danville 30 Slightly Hard 9.1 Dan River
Roanoke South 30 Slightly Hard 30.42 Carvins Cove Reservoir
Hampton 28 Slightly Hard 0 Lee Hall Reservoir, Newport News system
Chesapeake 25 Slightly Hard 0 Northwest River & Lake Gaston
Blacksburg 25 Slightly Hard 0 North Fork Roanoke River
Newport News 24 Slightly Hard 23.82 King William Reservoir system
Suffolk 22 Slightly Hard 0 Lake Prince & Western Branch Reservo
Virginia Beach 20 Slightly Hard 0 Lake Gaston, Norfolk system

Frequently Asked Questions About Virginia Water

Is Virginia tap water safe to drink?
Virginia tap water meets EPA legal standards in most cities. 6 cities have PFAS levels above the EPA health advisory of 4 ppt. Water hardness is relatively low across the state. Check your specific city above for detailed data.
Do I need a water softener in Virginia?
Most Virginia homes do not need a water softener. The state average of 51 PPM is relatively soft.
Which Virginia city has the hardest water?
Harrisonburg has the hardest water in Virginia at 110 PPM (6.4 GPG). Herndon is second at 110 PPM. See the full ranking.
What contaminants are in Virginia water?
The most common concerns across Virginia are chlorine and disinfection byproducts, and PFAS (forever chemicals) detected in 6 cities. Each city has different levels - check your city above for specific contaminant data.
How much does a water softener cost in Virginia?
A whole-house water softener for a typical Virginia home costs $800-$2,500 installed, depending on capacity and brand. At 51 PPM average hardness, most homes need a 32,000-48,000 grain system. Full cost breakdown.

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Common Issues

Hard Water PFAS Lead Chlorine