What is Reno water hardness in grains per gallon?

Reno's water hardness is 5.4 grains per gallon (GPG), equivalent to 92 parts per million (PPM). 1 GPG = 17.1 PPM.

Water Quality in Reno, NV

Reno's water has PFAS above EPA limits (5 ppt). An activated carbon filter can reduce PFAS levels. Read below for a full breakdown.

Truckee Meadows Water Authority · Source: Truckee River, groundwater · Serves 264,165 residents

Hardness (PPM)

138

TDS (PPM)

0.6

Chlorine (mg/L)

PFAS (ppt)

Lead (ppb)

Hardness Scale: Where Reno Falls

Soft 060120180250400+

Moderately hardGood quality

Reno's Sierra Nevada sources are much softer than southern Nevada.

What Reno's Water Means for Your Home

Reno's water is moderately hard at 92 PPM. At this level, hard water is not a significant concern for most households. Scale buildup is minimal, and a water softener would provide little measurable benefit. If you are considering water treatment in Reno, focus on contaminant filtration rather than softening.

PFAS contamination is a significant concern in Reno. At 5 parts per trillion, levels exceed the EPA's 2024 maximum contaminant level of 4 ppt. PFAS are synthetic chemicals that do not break down in the environment or the human body, which is why they are called "forever chemicals." Long-term exposure has been associated with increased cancer risk, thyroid disruption, and immune system effects. A whole-house activated carbon filter or point-of-use reverse osmosis system can reduce PFAS to safe levels. Look for NSF P473 certification when comparing products.

Contaminant	Detected	Health Guideline	Legal Limit	Status
Hardness (as CaCO₃)	92 PPM	< 60 PPM	No federal limit	✓ OK
Total Dissolved Solids	138 PPM	< 300 PPM	500 PPM	✓ OK
PFAS (total)	5 ppt	4 ppt (EPA)	4 ppt (2024)	⚠ Above limit
Lead	2 ppb	0 ppb (no safe level)	15 ppb (action level)	✓ Low
Chlorine / Chloramine	0.6 mg/L	Taste threshold ~1.0	4.0 mg/L	✓ Normal
Nitrate	3 mg/L	5 mg/L	10 mg/L	✓ OK

Recommendations for Reno Homes

🔄 Salt-Free Conditioner (Optional)

At 92 PPM, Reno's water is moderately hard. Scale buildup is slow but noticeable over years, especially in tankless water heaters. A salt-free conditioner is a low-maintenance option if you want to extend appliance life.

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🔬 Activated Carbon Filter for PFAS

PFAS detected at 5 ppt, above the EPA maximum contaminant level of 4 ppt. PFAS are linked to cancer, thyroid disease, and immune system effects with long-term exposure. A whole-house granular activated carbon (GAC) filter or a point-of-use reverse osmosis system can reduce PFAS. Look for NSF P473 certification, which specifically tests for PFAS removal.

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About Reno's Water Supply

Water Utility: Truckee Meadows Water Authority

Water Source: Truckee River, groundwater

Population Served: 264,165

Hardness: 92 PPM (5.4 grains per gallon)

Water quality can vary by neighborhood and season. The values above represent typical averages reported by Truckee Meadows Water Authority. To get exact numbers for your address, request a copy of the most recent Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) from your utility, or have your water independently tested.

Compare Reno to Other Nevada Cities

Frequently Asked Questions About Reno Water

Is Reno tap water safe to drink?

Reno's water meets EPA legal standards for drinking water safety. However, legal limits and health-optimal levels are different things. PFAS levels exceed the 2024 EPA health standard, which is a concern for long-term exposure. Review the contaminant table above for specific numbers and how they compare to both legal limits and health guidelines.

Do I need a water softener in Reno?

At 92 PPM, Reno's water is moderately hard. Some homeowners at this level do not notice problems, while others see spotting on glassware, film on shower doors, or reduced soap lathering. Homes with tankless water heaters at this hardness level should strongly consider at least a salt-free conditioner, as scale buildup inside the heat exchanger can void the warranty. For other homes, it depends on your sensitivity and fixtures.

What water filter is best for Reno?

The best filter depends on which contaminants you want to address. For PFAS, look for a filter with NSF P473 certification. Granular activated carbon (GAC) and reverse osmosis systems are both effective. Standard carbon pitcher filters may not remove PFAS adequately. See our softener vs. filter guide to understand the difference between these categories.

Where does Reno's water come from?

Reno's drinking water is sourced from Truckee River, groundwater and treated by Truckee Meadows Water Authority. Reno's Sierra Nevada sources are much softer than southern Nevada..

What is the hardness of Reno water in grains per gallon?

Reno's water hardness is 5.4 grains per gallon (GPG), which equals 92 parts per million (PPM). This is classified as moderately hard. To convert: 1 GPG = 17.1 PPM.

Does Reno water damage tankless water heaters?

At 5.4 GPG, Reno's water is unlikely to cause significant issues for tankless water heaters. However, if you notice reduced flow or efficiency over time, scale buildup could be a factor. Annual flushing with vinegar is good maintenance regardless of hardness.

Is Reno water safe for babies and infants?

Reno's water meets all EPA safety standards and is generally considered safe for preparing infant formula. The hardness minerals (calcium and magnesium) are not harmful. If your home has older plumbing, running cold water for 30 seconds before use is a good precaution to flush any lead from pipes.

Data sources. Water quality data compiled from EPA SDWIS, EWG Tap Water Database, USGS water hardness studies, and the Truckee Meadows Water Authority Consumer Confidence Report. Hardness and contaminant levels represent typical average values and may vary by neighborhood and season. Last updated: 2026-02-12.