Water Quality in Midland, TX

Midland's water has very hard water (283 PPM). A water softener is recommended to protect plumbing and appliances. Read below for a full breakdown.

City of Midland Water · Source: T-Bar Ranch wellfield, Colorado River · Serves 146,038 residents

283
Hardness (PPM)
485
TDS (PPM)
1.5
Chlorine (mg/L)
4
PFAS (ppt)
1
Lead (ppb)
283 PPM 0 400 Extremely Hard
CONTAMINANT LEVELS Hardness 283 PPM TDS 485 PPM PFAS 4 ppt Lead 1 ppb Chlorine 1.5 mg/L Nitrate 4 mg/L

Hardness Scale: Where Midland Falls

Soft 060120180250400+
Extremely hard water

Midland's Permian Basin water is extremely hard from ancient evaporite and limestone deposits. West Texas has some of the hardest water in the country.

What Midland's Water Means for Your Home

Midland residents deal with some of the hardest municipal water in the country. At 283 PPM (16.5 grains per gallon), the water contains high concentrations of dissolved calcium and magnesium picked up from the regional geology as surface water is treated and distributed. This is not a safety issue. The minerals are safe to consume. But they create real, measurable costs for homeowners. Hard water at 283 PPM costs the average household $800 to $1,200 per year in hidden expenses, including higher energy bills from scale-insulated water heaters, increased soap and detergent usage, and premature appliance failure. Many Midland homeowners discover this only after a water heater replacement or plumber visit.

Beyond hardness, Midland's water quality is generally within EPA guidelines for regulated contaminants. Chlorine is present at 1.5 mg/L as a disinfectant residual, which is normal for municipal water systems. If you notice a pool-like taste or experience dry skin, a whole-house carbon filter is the most common and affordable solution. For homeowners who want to understand the full picture, requesting your utility's annual Consumer Confidence Report provides neighborhood-level data.

ContaminantDetectedHealth GuidelineLegal LimitStatus
Hardness (as CaCO₃)283 PPM< 60 PPMNo federal limit⚠ Very Hard
Total Dissolved Solids485 PPM< 300 PPM500 PPM⚠ Elevated
PFAS (total)4 ppt4 ppt (EPA)4 ppt (2024)✓ OK
Lead1 ppb0 ppb (no safe level)15 ppb (action level)✓ Low
Chlorine / Chloramine1.5 mg/LTaste threshold ~1.04.0 mg/L✓ Normal
Nitrate4 mg/L5 mg/L10 mg/L✓ OK

Recommendations for Midland Homes

🧂 Water Softener
At 283 PPM (16.5 GPG), Midland's water is extremely hard. Scale will accumulate in pipes, water heaters, and on fixtures. A salt-based ion exchange softener removes the calcium and magnesium causing the problem. For a typical Midland household of 2 to 4 people, a 48,000-grain softener is the right starting size.
Learn more about this solution →

About Midland's Water Supply

Water Utility: City of Midland Water

Water Source: T-Bar Ranch wellfield, Colorado River

Population Served: 146,038

Hardness: 283 PPM (16.5 grains per gallon)

Water quality can vary by neighborhood and season. The values above represent typical averages reported by City of Midland Water. To get exact numbers for your address, request a copy of the most recent Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) from your utility, or have your water independently tested.

Compare Midland to Other Texas Cities

Houston

120 PPM · Hard

San Antonio

240 PPM · Very Hard

Dallas

100 PPM · Moderately Hard

Fort Worth

110 PPM · Moderately Hard

El Paso

265 PPM · Extremely Hard

Arlington

124 PPM · Hard

Frequently Asked Questions About Midland Water

Is Midland tap water safe to drink?
Midland's water meets EPA legal standards for drinking water safety. However, legal limits and health-optimal levels are different things. Review the contaminant table above for specific numbers and how they compare to both legal limits and health guidelines.
Do I need a water softener in Midland?
Yes. At 283 PPM (16.5 GPG), Midland's water is extremely hard. Without a softener, expect visible scale buildup on faucets and shower heads, reduced water heater efficiency (15 to 25 percent higher energy costs), spotted dishes and glassware, and soap that does not lather well. A salt-based water softener is the standard solution. For a typical Midland home with 2 to 4 residents, a 48,000-grain system is the most common starting size.
What water filter is best for Midland?
The best filter depends on which contaminants you want to address. For chlorine taste and odor, an activated carbon filter is effective and affordable, available as under-sink, countertop, or whole-house systems. See our softener vs. filter guide to understand the difference between these categories.
Where does Midland's water come from?
Midland's drinking water is sourced from T-Bar Ranch wellfield, Colorado River and treated by City of Midland Water. Midland's Permian Basin water is extremely hard from ancient evaporite and limestone deposits. West Texas has some of the hardest water in the country.
What is the hardness of Midland water in grains per gallon?
Midland's water hardness is 16.5 grains per gallon (GPG), which equals 283 parts per million (PPM). This is classified as extremely hard. Most water softener manufacturers recommend treatment above 7 GPG. To convert: 1 GPG = 17.1 PPM.
Does Midland water damage tankless water heaters?
Yes. Most tankless water heater manufacturers recommend water hardness below 7 to 11 GPG (120 to 188 PPM). At 16.5 GPG, Midland's water exceeds this threshold. Scale buildup inside the heat exchanger reduces efficiency and can void the manufacturer's warranty. A water softener installed upstream of the tankless heater is the standard solution.
Is Midland water safe for babies and infants?
Midland's water meets all EPA safety standards and is generally considered safe for preparing infant formula. The hardness minerals (calcium and magnesium) are not harmful. If your home has older plumbing, running cold water for 30 seconds before use is a good precaution to flush any lead from pipes.
How much does hard water cost a Midland household per year?
At 283 PPM, hard water costs the average Midland household an estimated $800 to $1,200 per year in hidden costs. This includes 15 to 25 percent higher water heating bills from scale insulation, 50 to 75 percent more soap and detergent usage, shorter appliance lifespans (water heaters, dishwashers, washing machines), and increased plumbing maintenance. A water softener typically costs $600 to $1,500 installed and $50 to $100 per year in salt, which means most Midland households see a return on investment within 1 to 2 years.

Data sources. Water quality data compiled from EPA SDWIS, EWG Tap Water Database, USGS water hardness studies, and the City of Midland Water Consumer Confidence Report. Hardness and contaminant levels represent typical average values and may vary by neighborhood and season. Last updated: 2026-02-12.