Water Quality in Pennsylvania: Complete Guide
Everything homeowners need to know about Pennsylvania tap water - hardness, contaminants, treatment options, and costs.
Quick summary: Pennsylvania has an average water hardness of 97 PPM across 31 cities. 39% of cities have hard water above 120 PPM. PFAS contamination is detected above EPA limits in at least one city. Most households do not need water softening equipment.
Water Hardness Across Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's water hardness ranges from 26 PPM in Reading to 170 PPM in Hanover, with a statewide average of 97 PPM. This places Pennsylvania near the national average for water hardness. The national average is approximately 120 PPM.
Most Pennsylvania cities use surface water (rivers, lakes, reservoirs), which generally has lower mineral content than groundwater.
Contaminants of Concern in Pennsylvania
PFAS: The average PFAS level across Pennsylvania cities is 21.1 ppt. Kennett Square has the highest detected PFAS at 77.67 ppt, above the EPA maximum contaminant level of 4 ppt. Residents should consider a reverse osmosis or NSF P473-certified filter for drinking water.
Lead: Lead contamination comes from plumbing infrastructure, not the water source. Pennsylvania homes built before 1986 are at higher risk due to lead solder. 5 cities show lead levels above 5 ppb.
Do You Need a Water Softener in Pennsylvania?
For most Pennsylvania residents, no. Only 39% of cities have hard water above 120 PPM. However, individual situations vary - check your city page for specific data.
Impact of Hard Water in Pennsylvania
With an average hardness of 97 PPM, most Pennsylvania households do not face significant hard water impact. However, homes with hardness above 120 PPM should evaluate treatment options.