Is Massachusetts Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Water quality data for 21 cities across Massachusetts. Find your city below.

Water quality in Massachusetts varies significantly from city to city. Across 21 cities we track, hardness ranges from 8 PPM in Gloucester to 51 PPM in Springfield, with a statewide average of 19 PPM. Most cities in Massachusetts have relatively soft water, so a softener is generally unnecessary.

3 Massachusetts cities have forever chemicals (PFAS) above the EPA's 2024 limit of 4 parts per trillion: Lowell (12.5 ppt), Lynn (21.97 ppt), Cambridge (11.4 ppt). A reverse osmosis system or NSF P473-certified filter can reduce PFAS to safe levels.

21
Cities
19
Avg Hardness (PPM)
51
Hardest City (PPM)

City Treatment Guides

Sized recommendations based on each city's specific water data.

City Comparisons

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Massachusetts Cities by Water Hardness

CityHardness (PPM)LevelPFAS (ppt)Source
Springfield 51 Slightly Hard 0 Cobble Mountain Reservoir
Worcester 38 Slightly Hard 3.2 Wachusett Reservoir
Marlborough 30 Slightly Hard 0 Local wells + Sudbury
Brockton 22 Slightly Hard 0 Silver Lake & Brockton Reservoir
Lowell 20 Slightly Hard 12.5 Merrimack River
Fall River 20 Slightly Hard 0 Watuppa Ponds
Plymouth 20 Slightly Hard 7.1 Local wells
New Bedford 18 Slightly Hard 7 Quittacas Ponds & local reservoirs
Lynn 16 Soft 21.97 Walden Pond & local reservoirs
Boston 15 Soft 0 Quabbin + Wachusett Reservoirs
Cambridge 15 Soft 11.4 Fresh Pond & MWRA reserves
Lawrence 15 Soft 6.1 Merrimack River
Methuen 15 Soft 11.5 Merrimack River
Quincy 14 Soft 0 Blue Hills Reservoir & MWRA
Somerville 14 Soft 0 MWRA Quabbin & Wachusett Reservoirs
Newton 13 Soft 0 MWRA Quabbin & Wachusett Reservoirs
Everett 12 Soft 0 MWRA (Quabbin/Wachusett)
Pittsfield 12 Soft 0 Ashley Lake + Farnham Reservoir
Medford 12 Soft 0 MWRA (Quabbin)
Amherst 10 Soft 0 Atkins Reservoir
Gloucester 8 Soft 0 Babson Reservoir

Frequently Asked Questions About Massachusetts Water

Is Massachusetts tap water safe to drink?
Massachusetts tap water meets EPA legal standards in most cities. 3 cities have PFAS levels above the EPA health advisory of 4 ppt. Water hardness is relatively low across the state. Check your specific city above for detailed data.
Do I need a water softener in Massachusetts?
Most Massachusetts homes do not need a water softener. The state average of 19 PPM is relatively soft.
Which Massachusetts city has the hardest water?
Springfield has the hardest water in Massachusetts at 51 PPM (3 GPG). Worcester is second at 38 PPM. See the full ranking.
What contaminants are in Massachusetts water?
The most common concerns across Massachusetts are chlorine and disinfection byproducts, and PFAS (forever chemicals) detected in 3 cities. Each city has different levels - check your city above for specific contaminant data.
How much does a water softener cost in Massachusetts?
A whole-house water softener for a typical Massachusetts home costs $800-$2,500 installed, depending on capacity and brand. At 19 PPM average hardness, most homes need a 32,000-48,000 grain system. Full cost breakdown.

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Common Issues

Hard Water PFAS Lead Chlorine